This class defines a GDL made of fibres. More...

#include <design_fibrous_GDL.h>

Inheritance diagram for FuelCellShop::Layer::DesignFibrousGDL< dim >:

Collaboration diagram for FuelCellShop::Layer::DesignFibrousGDL< dim >:

Public Member Functions
Destructor, and initalization
	DesignFibrousGDL ()
	Replica Constructors. More...

virtual void	initialize (ParameterHandler &param)
	Member function used to read in data and initialize the necessary data to compute the coefficients. More...

Effective properties
virtual void	effective_gas_diffusivity (const double &, const double &, double &) const
	Compute the effective property in the pores of the GDL. More...

virtual void	effective_gas_diffusivity (const double &, const double &, Tensor< 2, dim > &) const
	Compute the effective property in the pores of the GDL. More...

virtual void	effective_gas_diffusivity (std::vector< Tensor< 2, dim > > &) const
	Return the effective diffusivity [`m^2/s`] for nonisothermal with/without two-phase case in the GDL. More...

virtual void	derivative_effective_gas_diffusivity (std::map< VariableNames, std::vector< Tensor< 2, dim > > > &) const
	Return the derivative of effective diffusivity w.r.t solution variables/design parameters for nonisothermal with/without two-phase case in the GDL. More...

virtual void	effective_gas_diffusivity (Table< 2, Tensor< 2, dim > > &D_eff) const
	Compute effective diffusivity of the media. More...

virtual void	effective_electron_conductivity (double &) const
	Compute the electrical conductivity of the media. More...

virtual void	effective_electron_conductivity (Tensor< 2, dim > &) const
	Compute the electrical conductivity of the media. More...

virtual void	effective_thermal_conductivity (std::vector< Tensor< 2, dim > > &) const
	Compute effective thermal conductivity of the media as a function of Temperature. More...

virtual void	derivative_effective_thermal_conductivity (std::vector< Tensor< 2, dim > > &) const
	Compute derivative of thermal conductivity with respect to variables set by set_derivative_flags. More...

virtual void	liquid_permeablity (std::vector< Tensor< 2, dim > > &) const
	Compute the anisotropic GDL liquid permeability $\left[ cm^2 \right]$ , at all quadrature points in the cell. More...

virtual void	derivative_liquid_permeablity (std::map< VariableNames, std::vector< Tensor< 2, dim > > > &) const
	Compute the derivative of the anisotropic liquid permeability in the GDL with respect to either the solution or design parameters, at all quadrature points in the cell. More...

virtual void	saturated_liquid_permeablity_PSD (double &) const
	Compute the anisotropic CL liquid permeability $\left[ cm^2 \right]$ , at all quadrature points in the cell. More...

virtual void	relative_liquid_permeability_PSD (std::vector< Tensor< 2, dim > > &) const
	Compute the derivative of the anisotropic liquid permeability in the GDL with respect to either the solution or design parameters, at all quadrature points in the cell. More...

virtual void	derivative_relative_liquid_permeablity_PSD (std::vector< double > &) const

virtual void	derivative_relative_liquid_permeablity_PSD (std::map< VariableNames, std::vector< Tensor< 2, dim > > > &) const

virtual void	pcapillary (std::vector< double > &) const
	Compute $p_c \quad \left[ dyne \cdot cm^{-2}\right]$ , at all quadrature points in the cell. More...

virtual void	saturation_from_capillary_equation (std::vector< double > &) const

virtual void	derivative_saturation_from_capillary_equation_PSD (std::vector< double > &) const

virtual void	dpcapillary_dsat (std::vector< double > &) const
	Compute $\frac{\partial p_c}{\partial s} \quad \left[ dyne \cdot cm^{-2}\right]$ , at all quadrature points in the GDL. More...

virtual void	derivative_dpcapillary_dsat (std::map< VariableNames, std::vector< double > > &) const
	Compute the derivative of $\frac{\partial p_c}{\partial s} \quad \left[ dyne \cdot cm^{-2}\right]$ in the GDL, with respect to either the solution or design parameters, at all quadrature points in the cell. More...

virtual void	interfacial_surface_area (std::vector< double > &) const
	Compute the liquid-gas interfacial surface area per unit volume, $a_{lv} ~\left[ \frac{cm^2}{cm^3} \right]$ , at all quadrature points in the GDL. More...

virtual void	derivative_interfacial_surface_area (std::map< VariableNames, std::vector< double > > &) const
	Compute the derivative of the liquid-gas interfacial surface area per unit volume, with respect to either the solution variables or design parameters, at all quadrature points in the GDL. More...

virtual void	interfacial_surface_area_PSD (std::vector< double > &) const
	Compute the liquid-gas interfacial surface area per unit volume, $a_{lv} ~\left[ \frac{cm^2}{cm^3} \right]$ , at all quadrature points in the CL. More...

virtual void	derivative_interfacial_surface_area_PSD (std::vector< double > &) const
	Compute the derivative of the liquid-gas interfacial surface area per unit volume, with respect to either the solution variables or design parameters, at all quadrature points in the CL. More...

virtual void	derivative_interfacial_surface_area_PSD (std::map< VariableNames, std::vector< double > > &) const
	Compute the derivative of the liquid-gas interfacial surface area per unit volume, with respect to either the solution variables or design parameters, at all quadrature points in the CL. More...

Public Member Functions inherited from FuelCellShop::Layer::GasDiffusionLayer< dim >
virtual void	set_diffusion_species_name (std::string &name)
	Member function used by some applications such as dummyGDL in order to know which value to return. More...

const std::type_info &	get_base_type () const
	This member function returns a type_info object with the name of the base layer type the inherited class belongs to, i.e. More...

virtual void	test_class () const
	Class test. More...

virtual void	effective_gas_diffusivity (Table< 2, double > &D_eff) const
	Return the effective diffusivty in the GDL for all the gases assigned to the layer using set_gases_and_compute. More...

virtual void	effective_electron_conductivity (const double &, double &) const
	Compute the effective electron conductivity in the GDL. More...

virtual void	effective_electron_conductivity (const double &, Tensor< 2, dim > &) const
	Compute the effective electron conductivity in the GDL. More...

virtual void	derivative_effective_electron_conductivity (std::vector< Tensor< 2, dim > > &) const
	Compute the derivative of the effective electron conductivity in the GDL with respect to either the solution or design parameters. More...

virtual void	effective_thermal_conductivity (double &) const
	Compute the effective thermal conductivity (isotropic) in the GDL. More...

virtual void	effective_thermal_conductivity (Tensor< 2, dim > &) const
	Compute the effective thermal conductivity (anisotropic) in the GDL. More...

virtual void	gas_permeablity (double &) const
	Compute the GDL gas permeability. More...

virtual void	gas_permeablity (Tensor< 2, dim > &) const
	Compute the GDL gas permeability. More...

virtual void	derivative_gas_permeablity (std::vector< Tensor< 2, dim > > &) const
	Compute the derivative of the effective gas permeability in the GDL with respect to either the solution or design parameters. More...

Public Member Functions inherited from FuelCellShop::Layer::PorousLayer< dim >
void	set_gases_and_compute (std::vector< FuelCellShop::Material::PureGas * > &gases_in, const double &pressure_in, const double &temperature_in)
	Member function used to store all the gases that are in the pore space in the gas diffusion layer as well as their temperature [`Kelvin`] and total pressure [`atm`]. More...

void	compute_gas_diffusion (FuelCellShop::Material::PureGas solute_gas, FuelCellShop::Material::PureGas solvent_gas)
	Member function used to compute bulk diffusion coefficients (and derivatives w.r.t temperature for non-isothermal case and store inside the layer). More...

void	set_gases (std::vector< FuelCellShop::Material::PureGas * > &gases_in, const double &pressure_in)
	Member function used to store all the gases that are in the pore space in the porous layer. More...

void	set_gas_mixture (FuelCellShop::Material::GasMixture &rgas_mixture)
	Set `gas_mixture`. More...

void	set_porosity_permeability_tortuosity_booleans (const bool &rporosity_is_constant, const bool &rpermeability_is_constant, const bool &rtortuosity_is_constant)
	Set. More...

void	set_pressure (const SolutionVariable &p_in)
	Member function used to set the temperature [`Kelvin`] at every quadrature point inside the cell. More...

void	set_temperature (const SolutionVariable &T_in)
	Member function used to set the temperature [`Kelvin`] at every quadrature point inside the cell. More...

void	set_saturation (const SolutionVariable &s_in)
	Member function used to set the liquid water saturation at every quadrature point inside the cell. More...

void	set_capillary_pressure (const SolutionVariable &p_in)
	Member function used to set the liquid water saturation at every quadrature point inside the cell. More...

FuelCellShop::Material::PureGas *	get_gas_pointer (int index) const
	Return the FuelCellShop::Material::PureGas pointer that is stored inside the class in the ith position. More...

std::vector < FuelCellShop::Material::PureGas * >	get_gases () const
	Returns the vector of FuelCellShop::Material::PureGas pointers stored in the porous layer. More...

const FuelCellShop::Material::GasMixture *const	get_gas_mixture () const
	This function returns `gas_mixture`. More...

void	get_gas_index (FuelCellShop::Material::PureGas *gas_type, int &index) const
	Return the gas index in the GDL class. More...

void	get_T_and_p (double &T, double &p) const
	Return the constant temperature [`Kelvin`] and constant pressure [`atm`] inside the layer. More...

void	get_p (double &p) const
	Return the constant pressure [`atm`] inside the layer. More...

const bool &	get_porosity_is_constant () const
	This function returns `porosity_is_constant`. More...

const bool &	get_permeability_is_constant () const
	This function returns `permeability_is_constant`. More...

const bool &	get_tortuosity_is_constant () const
	This function returns `tortuosity_is_constant`. More...

double	get_porosity () const
	This function computes constant porosity in quadrature points of a mesh entity. More...

void	get_porosity (std::vector< double > &dst) const
	This function computes constant porosity in quadrature points of a mesh entity. More...

void	get_porosity (std::vector< double > &dst, const std::vector< Point< dim > > &points) const
	This function computes variable porosity in quadrature points of a mesh entity. More...

void	get_permeability (std::vector< SymmetricTensor< 2, dim > > &dst) const
	This function computes constant permeability in quadrature points of a mesh entity. More...

void	get_permeability (std::vector< SymmetricTensor< 2, dim > > &dst, const std::vector< Point< dim > > &points) const
	This function computes variable permeability in quadrature points of a mesh entity. More...

void	get_SQRT_permeability (std::vector< SymmetricTensor< 2, dim > > &dst) const
	This function computes square root of constant permeability in quadrature points of a mesh entity. More...

void	get_SQRT_permeability (std::vector< SymmetricTensor< 2, dim > > &dst, const std::vector< Point< dim > > &points) const
	This function computes square root of variable permeability in quadrature points of a mesh entity. More...

void	get_permeability_INV (std::vector< SymmetricTensor< 2, dim > > &dst) const
	This function computes inverse of constant permeability in quadrature points of a mesh entity. More...

void	get_permeability_INV (std::vector< SymmetricTensor< 2, dim > > &dst, const std::vector< Point< dim > > &points) const
	This function computes inverse of variable permeability in quadrature points of a mesh entity. More...

void	get_SQRT_permeability_INV (std::vector< SymmetricTensor< 2, dim > > &dst) const
	This function computes inverse of square root of constant permeability in quadrature points of a mesh entity. More...

void	get_SQRT_permeability_INV (std::vector< SymmetricTensor< 2, dim > > &dst, const std::vector< Point< dim > > &points) const
	This function computes inverse of square root of variable permeability in quadrature points of a mesh entity. More...

void	get_Forchheimer_permeability (std::vector< SymmetricTensor< 2, dim > > &dst) const
	This function computes constant Forchheimer permeability in quadrature points of a mesh entity. More...

void	get_Forchheimer_permeability (std::vector< SymmetricTensor< 2, dim > > &dst, const std::vector< Point< dim > > &points) const
	This function computes variable Forchheimer permeability in quadrature points of a mesh entity. More...

void	get_tortuosity (std::vector< SymmetricTensor< 2, dim > > &dst) const
	This function computes constant tortuosity in quadrature points of a mesh entity. More...

void	get_tortuosity (std::vector< SymmetricTensor< 2, dim > > &dst, const std::vector< Point< dim > > &points) const
	This function computes variable tortuosity in quadrature points of a mesh entity. More...

virtual void	gas_diffusion_coefficient (std::vector< double > &D_b) const
	Member function used to compute diffusion for a solute_gas, solvent_gas combination at a given temperature and pressure. More...

virtual void	gas_diffusion_coefficient (std::vector< double > &D_b, std::vector< double > &dD_b_dT) const
	Member function used to compute diffusion for a solute_gas, solvent_gas combination at a given temperature and pressure. More...

void	molecular_gas_diffusion_coefficient (std::vector< double > &D_m) const
	Member function used to compute molecular diffusion for a solute_gas, solvent_gas combination at a given temperature and pressure. More...

void	molecular_gas_diffusion_coefficient (std::vector< double > &D_m, std::vector< double > &dD_m_dT) const
	Member function used to compute molecular diffusion for a solute_gas, solvent_gas combination at a given temperature and pressure. More...

void	Knudsen_diffusion (std::vector< double > &D) const
	Member function used to get the Knudsen diffusivity in the layer after calling compute_gas_diffusion. More...

void	Knudsen_diffusion (std::vector< double > &D, std::vector< double > &dD_dT) const
	Member function used to compute the Knudsen diffusivity in the layer.after calling compute_gas_diffusion. More...

void	compute_Knudsen_diffusion (const FuelCellShop::Material::PureGas *solute_gas, const SolutionVariable &T_in, std::vector< double > &D_k) const
	Member function used to compute the Knudsen diffusivity in the layer. More...

void	compute_Knudsen_diffusion (const FuelCellShop::Material::PureGas *solute_gas, const SolutionVariable &T_in, std::vector< double > &D_k, std::vector< double > &dD_k_dT) const
	Member function used to compute the Knudsen diffusivity in the layer. More...

virtual void	print_layer_properties () const
	This member function is a virtual class that can be used to output to screen information from the layer. More...

Public Member Functions inherited from FuelCellShop::Layer::BaseLayer< dim >
virtual void	set_derivative_flags (const std::vector< VariableNames > &flags)
	Set the variables for which you would like to compute the derivatives. More...

void	set_position (const std::vector< Point< dim > > &p)
	Member function used by some applications such as dummyGDL in order to know which value to return. More...

virtual void	set_local_material_id (const unsigned int &id)
	Function for setting local material id, for unit testing purposes. More...

void	unset_local_material_id ()
	Function for unsetting local material id, so that it isn't incorrectly used later Once the key is "unset" to some invalid value, an error will be thrown if the key is requested again without being set. More...

virtual void	set_constant_solution (const double &value, const VariableNames &name)
	Set those solution variables which are constant in the particular application. More...

virtual void	set_solution (const std::vector< SolutionVariable > &)
	If the effective properties in the layer depend on the solution, the solution for a given cell should be passed to the class using this member function. More...

bool	belongs_to_material (const unsigned int material_id)
	Check if a given cell belongs to the catalyst layer and assign. More...

const std::string &	name_layer () const
	Return the name of the layer. More...

virtual bool	test_layer ()
	This virtual class should be used for any derived class to be able to test the functionality of the class. More...

std::vector< unsigned int >	get_material_ids ()
	Return the local material id of the layer. More...

unsigned int	local_material_id () const
	Return the local material id of the layer, performs a check. More...

Static Public Attributes
static const std::string	concrete_name
	Concrete name used for objects of this class. More...

Static Public Attributes inherited from FuelCellShop::Layer::GasDiffusionLayer< dim >
static const std::string	concrete_name
	Concrete name used for objects of this class. More...

Private Member Functions
Constructors, destructor, and initalization
	DesignFibrousGDL (const std::string &name)
	DesignFibrousGDL constructor. More...

virtual void	declare_parameters (const std::string &name, ParameterHandler &param) const
	Declare parameters for a parameter file. More...

Instance delivery function
virtual boost::shared_ptr < FuelCellShop::Layer::GasDiffusionLayer < dim > >	create_replica (const std::string &name)
	This member function is used to create an object of type gas diffusion layer. More...

Private Attributes
Internal variables
double	porosity
	Porosity of the GDL. More...

double	solid_phase
	Volume fraction of solid phase, i.e. More...

std::string	method_eff_property_pores
	Method used to compute the effective properties in the pores. More...

std::string	method_eff_property_solid
	Method used to compute the effective properties in the solid. More...

std::string	method_eff_property_thermal
	Method used to compute the effective thermal properties. More...

std::string	method_rel_liquid_permeability
	Method used to compute the relative liquid permeability. More...

double	s_irr
	Irreducible liquid water saturation value in the GDL. More...

bool	anisotropy
	Boolean flag corresponding to anisotropy. More...

std::vector< double >	porosity_th
	Porosity of the GDL threshold. More...

std::vector< double >	porosity_mu
	Network constant. More...

std::vector< double >	porosity_gamma
	Network constant gamma. More...

std::vector< double >	solid_th
	Solid network of the GDL threshold. More...

std::vector< double >	solid_mu
	Solid network constant. More...

std::vector< double >	sigma_e
	"Bulk" electrical conductivity [S/cm] of the solid material. More...

std::vector< double >	k_thermal
	"Given" thermal conductivity [W/(cm-K)] of the layer. More...

std::vector< double >	abs_permeability
	Absolute permeability [cm^2] of the layer. More...

std::string	method_capillary_function
	Method used to compute capillary pressure as a function of saturation. More...

double	compaction_pressure
	GDL Compaction pressure, $C ~\left[ MPa \right]$ . More...

double	PTFE_loading
	PTFE loading (% wt) in the GDL. More...

double	kumbur_factor
	Factor calculated based on Kumbur et al (2007), to be used in capillary pressure computation, given as: $2^{0.4 C} ~ \sqrt{ \frac{\epsilon_c}{\kappa} }$ . More...

Static Private Attributes
Instance delivery object
static DesignFibrousGDL< dim > const *	PROTOTYPE
	Prototype declaration. More...

Additional Inherited Members
Static Public Member Functions inherited from FuelCellShop::Layer::GasDiffusionLayer< dim >
static void	declare_GasDiffusionLayer_parameters (const std::string &gdl_section_name, ParameterHandler &param)
	Function used to declare all the data necessary in the parameter files for all GasDiffusionLayer children. More...

static boost::shared_ptr < FuelCellShop::Layer::GasDiffusionLayer < dim > >	create_GasDiffusionLayer (const std::string &gld_section_name, ParameterHandler &param)
	Function used to select the appropriate GasDiffusionLayer type as specified in the ParameterHandler under line. More...

Protected Types inherited from FuelCellShop::Layer::GasDiffusionLayer< dim >
typedef std::map< std::string, GasDiffusionLayer< dim > * >	_mapFactory
	This object is used to store all objects of type GasDiffusionLayer. More...

Protected Member Functions inherited from FuelCellShop::Layer::GasDiffusionLayer< dim >
	GasDiffusionLayer ()
	Replica Constructors. More...

	~GasDiffusionLayer ()
	Destructor. More...

	GasDiffusionLayer (const std::string &name)
	Constructor. More...

void	declare_parameters (ParameterHandler &param) const
	Declare parameters for a parameter file. More...

void	initialize (ParameterHandler &param)
	Member function used to read in data and initialize the necessary data to compute the coefficients. More...

Protected Member Functions inherited from FuelCellShop::Layer::PorousLayer< dim >
	PorousLayer (const std::string &name)
	Constructor. More...

	PorousLayer ()
	Constructor. More...

	PorousLayer (const std::string &name, FuelCellShop::Material::GasMixture &gas_mixture)
	Constructor. More...

virtual	~PorousLayer ()
	Destructor. More...

void	print_caller_name (const std::string &caller_name) const
	This function is used to print out the name of another function that has been declared in the scope of this class, but not yet been implemented. More...

virtual void	gas_diffusion_coefficients (Table< 2, double > &) const
	Return the molecular diffusivty all the gases assigned to the layer using set_gases_and_compute. More...

virtual void	derivative_gas_diffusion_coefficients (std::vector< Table< 2, double > > &) const
	Return the derivative of the molecular diffusion coefficient with respect to the derivative flags for all the gases assigned to the layer using set_gases_and_compute. More...

Protected Member Functions inherited from FuelCellShop::Layer::BaseLayer< dim >
	BaseLayer ()
	Constructor. More...

	BaseLayer (const std::string &name)
	Constructor. More...

virtual	~BaseLayer ()
	Destructor. More...

virtual void	set_parameters (const std::string &object_name, const std::vector< std::string > &name_dvar, const std::vector< double > &value_dvar, ParameterHandler &param)
	Member function used to change the values in the parameter file for a given list of parameters. More...

virtual void	set_parameters (const std::vector< std::string > &name_dvar, const std::vector< double > &value_dvar, ParameterHandler &param)
	Set parameters in parameter file. More...

Static Protected Member Functions inherited from FuelCellShop::Layer::GasDiffusionLayer< dim >
static _mapFactory *	get_mapFactory ()

Protected Attributes inherited from FuelCellShop::Layer::GasDiffusionLayer< dim >
std::string	diffusion_species_name
	If GDL properties are stored inside the class (e.g. More...

std::string	PSD_type
	PSD class type from input file. More...

double	porosity
	Porosity of the GDL. More...

Tensor< 2, dim >	tortuosity_tensor
	Tortuosity tensor of the GDL. More...

Tensor< 2, dim >	thermal_conductivity_tensor
	Tensor storing the effective thermal conductivity of the layer. More...

double	electron_conductivity
	Double storing the electric conductivity of the GDL is the layer is isotropic. More...

Tensor< 2, dim >	electron_conductivity_tensor
	Tensor storing the effective electronic conductivity of the layer. More...

Protected Attributes inherited from FuelCellShop::Layer::PorousLayer< dim >
FuelCellShop::Material::GasMixture *	gas_mixture
	Gas mixture. More...

std::vector < FuelCellShop::Material::PureGas * >	gases
	Gases inside a porous layer. More...

bool	porosity_is_constant
	Variable defining if the porosity is constant. More...

bool	permeability_is_constant
	Variable defining if the permeability is constant. More...

bool	tortuosity_is_constant
	Variable defining if the tortuosity is constant. More...

double	porosity
	User defined constant porosity. More...

bool	use_Bosanquet
	Boolean flag that specifies if Knudsen effects should be accounted for. More...

double	Knudsen_radius
	Parameter used to define Knudsen pore radius. More...

SymmetricTensor< 2, dim >	permeability
	User defined constant permeability, m^2. More...

SymmetricTensor< 2, dim >	SQRT_permeability
	Square root of user defined constant permeability, m. More...

SymmetricTensor< 2, dim >	permeability_INV
	Inverse of user defined constant permeability, 1/m^2. More...

SymmetricTensor< 2, dim >	SQRT_permeability_INV
	Inverse of square root of user defined constant permeability, 1/m. More...

SymmetricTensor< 2, dim >	Forchheimer_permeability
	User defined constant Forchheimer permeability, 1/m. More...

SymmetricTensor< 2, dim >	tortuosity
	User defined constant tortuosity. More...

std::string	diffusion_species_name
	If GDL properties are stored inside the class (e.g DummyGDL) then, return the property stored under coefficient_name name. More...

double	temperature
	Temperature [`K`] used to compute gas diffusivity. More...

double	pressure
	Total pressure [`atm`] used to compute gas diffusivity. More...

SolutionVariable	p_vector
	Pressure at every quadrature point inside the cell in [Pa]. More...

SolutionVariable	T_vector
	Temperature at every quadrature point inside the cell in [K]. More...

SolutionVariable	s_vector
	Liquid water saturation at every quadrature point inside the cell [-]. More...

SolutionVariable	capillary_pressure_vector
	Liquid water capillary pressure at every quadrature point inside the cell in [Pa]. More...

Table< 2, double >	D_ECtheory
	Tensor of diffusion coefficients This are computed with setting up the gas so that they do not need to be recomputed all the time. More...

std::vector< Table< 2, double > >	dD_ECtheory_dx
	Vector of tensors for the derivative of the diffusion coefficients – This are computed with setting up the gas so that they do not need to be recomputed all the time. More...

std::vector< double >	D_molecular
	Vector of molecular diffusion coefficients at every quadrature point inside the cell in m^2/s. More...

std::vector< double >	dD_molecular_dT
	Vector of derivatives for molecular diffusion coefficients w.r.t temperature, at every quadrature in m^2/s. More...

std::vector< double >	D_k
	Vector of Knudsen diffusion coefficients at every quadrature point inside the cell in m^2/s. More...

std::vector< double >	dD_k_dT
	Vector of derivatives for Knudsen diffusion coefficients w.r.t temperature, at every quadrature in m^2/s. More...

std::vector< double >	D_bulk
	Vector of bulk diffusion coefficients at every quadrature point inside the cell. More...

std::vector< double >	dD_bulk_dT
	Vector of derivative of bulk diffusion coefficients w.r.t temperature, at every quadrature point inside the cell. More...

bool	PSD_is_used
	Boolean flag to specify if a PSD is to be used to estimate saturation, permeability, etc. More...

std::string	PSD_type
	PSD class type from input file. More...

boost::shared_ptr < FuelCellShop::MicroScale::BasePSD < dim > >	PSD
	Pointer to the PSD object. More...

FuelCellShop::MicroScale::BasePSD < dim > *	psd_pointer
	Pointer to the PSD object. More...

FuelCellShop::Material::PureGas *	solute_gas
	Pointer used to store the solute gas for computing binary diffusion coefficients. More...

FuelCellShop::Material::PureGas *	solvent_gas
	Pointer used to store the solute gas for computing binary diffusion coefficients. More...

Protected Attributes inherited from FuelCellShop::Layer::BaseLayer< dim >
const std::string	name
	Name of the layer. More...

std::vector< unsigned int >	material_ids
	List of material IDs that belong to the layer. More...

std::vector< Point< dim > >	point
	Coordinates of the point where we would like to compute the effective properties. More...

std::vector< VariableNames >	derivative_flags
	Flags for derivatives: These flags are used to request derivatives. More...

std::map< VariableNames, double >	constant_solutions
	Map storing values of solution variables constant in a particular application. More...

Detailed Description

template<int dim>
class FuelCellShop::Layer::DesignFibrousGDL< dim >

This class defines a GDL made of fibres.

Due to this, the conductivity in the X and Y direction is extremely anisotropic since the contact resistance is very high. Given this situation, I decided to use a different value for the bulk resistance in the X and Y direction.

Author: M. Secanell and M. Bhaiya

Constructor & Destructor Documentation

template<int dim>

FuelCellShop::Layer::DesignFibrousGDL< dim >::DesignFibrousGDL ( )

Replica Constructors.

Warning: For internal use only.

Constructor used only to create a prototype. Do not use in general since this will not include the name of the section in the parameter file you need.

template<int dim>

FuelCellShop::Layer::DesignFibrousGDL< dim >::DesignFibrousGDL ( const std::string & name )

private

DesignFibrousGDL constructor.

This member function is used in create_replica to create a class.

Member Function Documentation

template<int dim>

virtual boost::shared_ptr<FuelCellShop::Layer::GasDiffusionLayer<dim> > FuelCellShop::Layer::DesignFibrousGDL< dim >::create_replica ( const std::string & name )

inlineprivatevirtual

This member function is used to create an object of type gas diffusion layer.

Warning: This class MUST be redeclared in every child.

Reimplemented from FuelCellShop::Layer::GasDiffusionLayer< dim >.

template<int dim>

virtual void FuelCellShop::Layer::DesignFibrousGDL< dim >::declare_parameters	(	const std::string &	name,
		ParameterHandler &	param
	)		const

privatevirtual

Declare parameters for a parameter file.

The parameters that need to be declared are The parameters that need to be declared are

Porosity (default : 0.6) Represents *the porosity in the GDL
Method effective transport properties in pores (default: Bruggemann) Other options "Given|Bruggemann|Percolation|Mezedur"
Method effective transport properties in solid (default: Bruggemann) Other options "Given|Bruggemann|Percolation|Mezedur"
Electrical conductivity X
Electrical conductivity Y
Electrical conductivity Z

An example input file would look as follows:

* subsection Cathode gas diffusion layer
*    set Material id = 2
*    set Gas diffusion layer type = DesignFibrousGDL
*    subsection DesignFibrousGDL
*      ######### Composition: #########
*      set Porosity = 0.6
*      ######### Gas transport #########
*      ## Anisotropy
*      set Anisotropic transport = true                  # (default) false
*      set Method effective transport properties in pores = Tomadakis    # (default) Bruggemann | Given | Percolation | Tomadakis | Mezedur
*      set Method effective transport properties in solid = Percolation  # (default) Bruggemann | Given | Percolation
*      ## XX
*      set Porosity threshold X = 0.11               # (default) 0.12 | 0.118 (Peter's Thesis) | 0.11
*      set Porosity network constant X = 0.785           # (default) 2.0  |0.785 (Peter's Thesis)  [Page 69]
*      set Porosity gamma network constant X = 0.0           # (default) 0.0 | 
*      #
*      set Electrical conductivity X [S/cm] = 16.03
*      set Solid network threshold X = 0.0               # (default) 0.12 | 
*      set Solid network constant X = 1.5                # (default) 2.0 |
*      ## YY
*      set Porosity threshold Y = 0.11               # (default) 0.12 | 0.118 (Peter's Thesis) | 0.11
*      set Porosity network constant Y = 0.521           # (default) 2.0 |
*      set Porosity gamma network constant Y = 0.0           # (default) 0.0 |
*      #
*      set Electrical conductivity Y [S/cm] = 272.78
*      set Solid network threshold Y = 0.0               # (default) 0.12 |
*      set Solid network constant Y = 1.0                # (default) 2.0 |
*    end
*  end
* 

Reimplemented from FuelCellShop::Layer::GasDiffusionLayer< dim >.

template<int dim>

virtual void FuelCellShop::Layer::DesignFibrousGDL< dim >::derivative_dpcapillary_dsat ( std::map< VariableNames, std::vector< double > > & ) const

virtual

Compute the derivative of $\frac{\partial p_c}{\partial s} \quad \left[ dyne \cdot cm^{-2}\right]$ in the GDL, with respect to either the solution or design parameters, at all quadrature points in the cell.

The parameters with respect to which the derivatives are computed are setup in FuelCellShop::Layer::set_derivative_flags()

Reimplemented from FuelCellShop::Layer::GasDiffusionLayer< dim >.

template<int dim>

virtual void FuelCellShop::Layer::DesignFibrousGDL< dim >::derivative_effective_gas_diffusivity ( std::map< VariableNames, std::vector< Tensor< 2, dim > > > & ) const

virtual

Return the derivative of effective diffusivity w.r.t solution variables/design parameters for nonisothermal with/without two-phase case in the GDL.

It transforms bulk diffusion properties computed using compute_gas_diffusion method and transforms it into an effective property, taking into account the porosity, saturation and GDL structure (Anisotropic case), at all quadrature points of the cell.

Note: : For two-phase case, set_saturation should be called before using this method, otherwise this method assumes saturation value to be zero.

Reimplemented from FuelCellShop::Layer::GasDiffusionLayer< dim >.

template<int dim>

virtual void FuelCellShop::Layer::DesignFibrousGDL< dim >::derivative_effective_thermal_conductivity ( std::vector< Tensor< 2, dim > > & ) const

virtual

Compute derivative of thermal conductivity with respect to variables set by set_derivative_flags.

Reimplemented from FuelCellShop::Layer::GasDiffusionLayer< dim >.

template<int dim>

virtual void FuelCellShop::Layer::DesignFibrousGDL< dim >::derivative_interfacial_surface_area ( std::map< VariableNames, std::vector< double > > & ) const

virtual

Compute the derivative of the liquid-gas interfacial surface area per unit volume, with respect to either the solution variables or design parameters, at all quadrature points in the GDL.

The parameters with respect to which the derivatives are computed are setup in FuelCellShop::Layer::set_derivative_flags().

Reimplemented from FuelCellShop::Layer::GasDiffusionLayer< dim >.

template<int dim>

virtual void FuelCellShop::Layer::DesignFibrousGDL< dim >::derivative_interfacial_surface_area_PSD ( std::vector< double > & ) const

virtual

Compute the derivative of the liquid-gas interfacial surface area per unit volume, with respect to either the solution variables or design parameters, at all quadrature points in the CL.

The parameters with respect to which the derivatives are computed are setup in FuelCellShop::Layer::set_derivative_flags().

Reimplemented from FuelCellShop::Layer::GasDiffusionLayer< dim >.

template<int dim>

virtual void FuelCellShop::Layer::DesignFibrousGDL< dim >::derivative_interfacial_surface_area_PSD ( std::map< VariableNames, std::vector< double > > & ) const

virtual

Compute the derivative of the liquid-gas interfacial surface area per unit volume, with respect to either the solution variables or design parameters, at all quadrature points in the CL.

The parameters with respect to which the derivatives are computed are setup in FuelCellShop::Layer::set_derivative_flags().

Reimplemented from FuelCellShop::Layer::GasDiffusionLayer< dim >.

template<int dim>

virtual void FuelCellShop::Layer::DesignFibrousGDL< dim >::derivative_liquid_permeablity ( std::map< VariableNames, std::vector< Tensor< 2, dim > > > & ) const

virtual

Compute the derivative of the anisotropic liquid permeability in the GDL with respect to either the solution or design parameters, at all quadrature points in the cell.

The parameters with respect to which the derivatives are computed are setup in FuelCellShop::Layer::set_derivative_flags()

Reimplemented from FuelCellShop::Layer::GasDiffusionLayer< dim >.

template<int dim>

virtual void FuelCellShop::Layer::DesignFibrousGDL< dim >::derivative_relative_liquid_permeablity_PSD ( std::vector< double > & ) const

virtual

Reimplemented from FuelCellShop::Layer::GasDiffusionLayer< dim >.

template<int dim>

virtual void FuelCellShop::Layer::DesignFibrousGDL< dim >::derivative_relative_liquid_permeablity_PSD ( std::map< VariableNames, std::vector< Tensor< 2, dim > > > & ) const

virtual

Reimplemented from FuelCellShop::Layer::GasDiffusionLayer< dim >.

template<int dim>

virtual void FuelCellShop::Layer::DesignFibrousGDL< dim >::derivative_saturation_from_capillary_equation_PSD ( std::vector< double > & ) const

virtual

Reimplemented from FuelCellShop::Layer::GasDiffusionLayer< dim >.

template<int dim>

virtual void FuelCellShop::Layer::DesignFibrousGDL< dim >::dpcapillary_dsat ( std::vector< double > & ) const

virtual

Compute $\frac{\partial p_c}{\partial s} \quad \left[ dyne \cdot cm^{-2}\right]$ , at all quadrature points in the GDL.

Reimplemented from FuelCellShop::Layer::GasDiffusionLayer< dim >.

template<int dim>

virtual void FuelCellShop::Layer::DesignFibrousGDL< dim >::effective_electron_conductivity ( double & ) const

virtual

Compute the electrical conductivity of the media.

Reimplemented from FuelCellShop::Layer::GasDiffusionLayer< dim >.

template<int dim>

virtual void FuelCellShop::Layer::DesignFibrousGDL< dim >::effective_electron_conductivity ( Tensor< 2, dim > & ) const

virtual

Compute the electrical conductivity of the media.

Reimplemented from FuelCellShop::Layer::GasDiffusionLayer< dim >.

template<int dim>

virtual void FuelCellShop::Layer::DesignFibrousGDL< dim >::effective_gas_diffusivity	(	const double &	,
		const double &	,
		double &
	)		const

virtual

Compute the effective property in the pores of the GDL.

This is used for example to compute effective diffusivity of gases. The method takes in bulk diffusion coefficient [m^2/s] and liquid water saturation as the first and second argument respectively. This routine is used in the isotropic case.

Reimplemented from FuelCellShop::Layer::GasDiffusionLayer< dim >.

template<int dim>

virtual void FuelCellShop::Layer::DesignFibrousGDL< dim >::effective_gas_diffusivity	(	const double &	,
		const double &	,
		Tensor< 2, dim > &
	)		const

virtual

Compute the effective property in the pores of the GDL.

This is used for example to compute effective diffusivity of gases. The method takes in bulk diffusion coefficient [m^2/s] and liquid water saturation as the first and second argument respectively. This routine can be used either in the isotropic or anisotripic case

Reimplemented from FuelCellShop::Layer::GasDiffusionLayer< dim >.

template<int dim>

virtual void FuelCellShop::Layer::DesignFibrousGDL< dim >::effective_gas_diffusivity ( std::vector< Tensor< 2, dim > > & ) const

virtual

Return the effective diffusivity [m^2/s] for nonisothermal with/without two-phase case in the GDL.

It takes bulk diffusivity, computed using compute_gas_diffusion method and transforms it into an effective property, taking into account the porosity, saturation and GDL structure (Anisotropic case), at all quadrature points of the cell.

Note: : For two-phase case, set_saturation should be called before using this method, otherwise this method assumes saturation value to be zero.

Reimplemented from FuelCellShop::Layer::GasDiffusionLayer< dim >.

template<int dim>

virtual void FuelCellShop::Layer::DesignFibrousGDL< dim >::effective_gas_diffusivity ( Table< 2, Tensor< 2, dim > > & D_eff ) const

virtual

Compute effective diffusivity of the media.

Reimplemented from FuelCellShop::Layer::GasDiffusionLayer< dim >.

template<int dim>

virtual void FuelCellShop::Layer::DesignFibrousGDL< dim >::effective_thermal_conductivity ( std::vector< Tensor< 2, dim > > & ) const

virtual

Compute effective thermal conductivity of the media as a function of Temperature.

(Anisotropic values) or return anisotropic Tensor of GIVEN values set using parameter file. Ref: N. Zamel, E. Litovsky, X. Li, and J. Kleiman. Measurement of the through-plane thermal conductivity of carbon paper diffusion media for the temperature range from -50 to 120 c. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 36(19):12618-12625, 2011. It return vector of Tensor for thermal conductivity (anisotropic). NOTE: Before using Zamel method, temperature values need to be set in the layer.

Reimplemented from FuelCellShop::Layer::GasDiffusionLayer< dim >.

template<int dim>

virtual void FuelCellShop::Layer::DesignFibrousGDL< dim >::initialize ( ParameterHandler & param )

virtual

Member function used to read in data and initialize the necessary data to compute the coefficients.

Reimplemented from FuelCellShop::Layer::PorousLayer< dim >.

template<int dim>

virtual void FuelCellShop::Layer::DesignFibrousGDL< dim >::interfacial_surface_area ( std::vector< double > & ) const

virtual

Compute the liquid-gas interfacial surface area per unit volume, $a_{lv} ~\left[ \frac{cm^2}{cm^3} \right]$ , at all quadrature points in the GDL.

Reimplemented from FuelCellShop::Layer::GasDiffusionLayer< dim >.

template<int dim>

virtual void FuelCellShop::Layer::DesignFibrousGDL< dim >::interfacial_surface_area_PSD ( std::vector< double > & ) const

virtual

Compute the liquid-gas interfacial surface area per unit volume, $a_{lv} ~\left[ \frac{cm^2}{cm^3} \right]$ , at all quadrature points in the CL.

Reimplemented from FuelCellShop::Layer::GasDiffusionLayer< dim >.

template<int dim>

virtual void FuelCellShop::Layer::DesignFibrousGDL< dim >::liquid_permeablity ( std::vector< Tensor< 2, dim > > & ) const

virtual

Compute the anisotropic GDL liquid permeability $\left[ cm^2 \right]$ , at all quadrature points in the cell.

Reimplemented from FuelCellShop::Layer::GasDiffusionLayer< dim >.

template<int dim>

virtual void FuelCellShop::Layer::DesignFibrousGDL< dim >::pcapillary ( std::vector< double > & ) const

virtual

Compute $p_c \quad \left[ dyne \cdot cm^{-2}\right]$ , at all quadrature points in the cell.

Reimplemented from FuelCellShop::Layer::GasDiffusionLayer< dim >.

template<int dim>

virtual void FuelCellShop::Layer::DesignFibrousGDL< dim >::relative_liquid_permeability_PSD ( std::vector< Tensor< 2, dim > > & ) const

virtual

Compute the derivative of the anisotropic liquid permeability in the GDL with respect to either the solution or design parameters, at all quadrature points in the cell.

The parameters with respect to which the derivatives are computed are setup in FuelCellShop::Layer::set_derivative_flags()

Reimplemented from FuelCellShop::Layer::GasDiffusionLayer< dim >.

template<int dim>

virtual void FuelCellShop::Layer::DesignFibrousGDL< dim >::saturated_liquid_permeablity_PSD ( double & ) const

virtual

Compute the anisotropic CL liquid permeability $\left[ cm^2 \right]$ , at all quadrature points in the cell.

Reimplemented from FuelCellShop::Layer::GasDiffusionLayer< dim >.

template<int dim>

virtual void FuelCellShop::Layer::DesignFibrousGDL< dim >::saturation_from_capillary_equation ( std::vector< double > & ) const

virtual

Reimplemented from FuelCellShop::Layer::GasDiffusionLayer< dim >.

Member Data Documentation

template<int dim>

std::vector<double> FuelCellShop::Layer::DesignFibrousGDL< dim >::abs_permeability

private

Absolute permeability [cm^2] of the layer.

template<int dim>

bool FuelCellShop::Layer::DesignFibrousGDL< dim >::anisotropy

private

Boolean flag corresponding to anisotropy.

template<int dim>

double FuelCellShop::Layer::DesignFibrousGDL< dim >::compaction_pressure

private

GDL Compaction pressure, $C ~\left[ MPa \right]$ .

template<int dim>

const std::string FuelCellShop::Layer::DesignFibrousGDL< dim >::concrete_name

static

Concrete name used for objects of this class.

This name is used when setting up the subsection where the data is stored in the input file.

The data will be store under

* subsection name_specified_in_constructor
*    set Material id = 2
*    set Gas diffusion layer type = DummyGDL # <-here I select the type of object of type GasDiffusionLayer
*    subsection DummyGDL # <- this is the concrete_name for this class
*       set all info relevant to this object
*    end
* end
* 

template<int dim>

std::vector<double> FuelCellShop::Layer::DesignFibrousGDL< dim >::k_thermal

private

"Given" thermal conductivity [W/(cm-K)] of the layer.

template<int dim>

double FuelCellShop::Layer::DesignFibrousGDL< dim >::kumbur_factor

private

Factor calculated based on Kumbur et al (2007), to be used in capillary pressure computation, given as: $2^{0.4 C} ~ \sqrt{ \frac{\epsilon_c}{\kappa} }$ .

template<int dim>

std::string FuelCellShop::Layer::DesignFibrousGDL< dim >::method_capillary_function

private

Method used to compute capillary pressure as a function of saturation.

template<int dim>

std::string FuelCellShop::Layer::DesignFibrousGDL< dim >::method_eff_property_pores

private

Method used to compute the effective properties in the pores.

template<int dim>

std::string FuelCellShop::Layer::DesignFibrousGDL< dim >::method_eff_property_solid

private

Method used to compute the effective properties in the solid.